Objectives GS106

Water Properties and Thermodynamics

After attending lecture and doing the assigned reading you should be able to do the following:

1)  Discuss the importance of water as a resource worldwide and explain the idea of water insecurity for some parts of the world.

2)  Be able to diagram the basic structure of a water molecule and distinguish where covalent bonding occurs and where hydrogen bonding occurs

3)  What is meant by a water molecule being a polar molecule?

4)  What causes a hydrogen bond to form in water molecules

5)  Be able to list and explain how each of the following properties of water are controlled by the polar nature of water.

        expanding when it freezes                                    high specific heat

        lower density as a solid than as a liquid                causes salts to dissolve

        high surface tension

6)  Be able to explain the concept of specific heat and given information, be able to calculate specific heat for different materials.

7)  Explain why water has a high specific heat and how this affects its ability to change phases (go from solid to liquid or liquid to vapor)

8)  What affect does the fact that water has a high specific have on the oceans and the earth?

9)  Understand and be able to explain the difference between heat and temperature

10)  Know how to use the three different temperature scales, know at what temperature water boils/freezes for each  and be able to convert from one to another (I will give you a basic formula).

11)  What is absolute zero and how was it derived?

12)  What is thermal contact and what is thermal equilibrium

13)  Understand that heat is energy and it transfers from warmer to cooler objects

14)  Be able to explain how each of the following types of heat transfer work and what type of materials transfer heat using each

       Conduction                          Convection                       Radiation

15)  Given a material, you should be able to explain how heat is moving through it at any point in time.

16)  Be able to explain the relationship between in put of energy into water, the temperature change of the water and phase change of the water.