G102/202

Student Learning Outcomes: Chapter 13

GROUNDWATER

1. List three ways in which water is held in rocks and soils and describe the movement of water for each.

Define: zone of saturation, zone of aeration, capillary fringe

2. Know what is meant by a "water table" and differentiate between a perched and regional (main) water table.

3. Describe the relationship between streams and the groundwater.

Define: influent stream, effluent stream

4. Understand the relationship between porosity and permeability.

5. Describe the relative porosity and permeability in clay, silt, sand, and gravel. (See Table 11.2 of text)

6. Define and give an example of materials that form

a. aquitards

b. aquifers

7. Cite several ways in which natural springs occur and list the requirements for a natural artesian well.

8. Understand how thermal geysers function and describe the geologic environment they exist in.

9. Define: cone of depression, drawdown, recharge

10. Describe and discuss the following problems associated with groundwater withdrawal:

a. subsidence c. groundwater contamination

b. saltwater intrusion (contamination) d. mining fossil water (nonrenewable resource)

11. Understand the evolution of topography in the Karst regions

12 Discuss the development of a typical limestone cave and discuss the development of: stalactites, stalagmites, and columns

13 Understand the "safe yield" concept and the consequences when it is ignored.

14. Be able to discuss the ease at which ground water can be contaminated and the difficulty of cleaning it up.

15. List several factors that will control the recharge rate of a water table.

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